![]() ![]() Many avian species in Europe are suitable reservoirs/amplifying hosts, producing high viral titers upon WNV infection. Although WNV has been isolated from over 40 species of mosquitoes, the principal mosquitoes involved in WNV transmission belong to the Culex genus, in particular to the Culex pipiens complex of species. ĭuring the enzootic transmission cycle, WNV circulates primarily between mosquitoes and wild birds. Genetic studies demonstrated that all European L1 and L2 isolates derived from a limited number of independent introductions, most likely from Africa, followed by local spread and evolution. An independent L2 strain, firstly detected in 2004 in Southern Russia, has been responsible for outbreaks of West Nile neuroinvasive disease (WNND) in Volvograd Oblast since 2007 and in Romania since 2010. Several virulent L2 isolates were recently identified in other geographic areas such as Eastern Europe, where it has become endemic since its detection in Hungary (in 2004), Austria (in 20), Greece (in 2010), and Italy (in 2011). L2 includes strains mainly present in sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar and is traditionally associated with asymptomatic infections in humans. L1 is the most widespread and further segregates into different subclasses: WNV-1a (which includes strains from North, Central and South America, Africa and the Middle East), WNV-1b (the Australian Kunjin) and WNV-1c (which includes some Indian strains). ![]() However, two major WNV lineages, lineage 1 (L1) and lineage 2 (L2), are responsible for the outbreaks observed in the past years. The intensified surveillance for WNV infections in humans and animals resulted in the detection and isolation of many pathogenic isolates of WNV, classified in at least seven different lineages. even before their birth, when transfusions are administered to the umbilical vein (umbilical vein).West Nile virus (WNV) infection is a vector-borne disease caused by an enveloped ssRNA virus classified within the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae, and phylogenetically and antigenically related to the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV).who have suffered a great deal of blood loss after injuries or during surgery,.who suffer from bleeding disorder and coagulation,.with anemia, such as patients with haematopoietic disorders, cancer, patients included in the dialysis program (artificial kidney).Transfusion products made from your collection help to treat patients by: drink at least 0.5 l of liquids (mineral water, water, juice, etc.) before collection.have a non-fat meal in the morning (croissant, jam, honey, fruit, etc.).proof of health insurance valid in the Czech Republic.photo ID (civil or driving license, passport, firearms pass).Remember to take your donor blood with you: Period of exclusion from donation after returning from foreign tripsĬountries with West Nile virus (WNV) infection Important informationĬurrent blood demand and operating time of collection The sampling time varies from 40-90 minutes depending on the type of sampling and parameters of your blood count. When subscribed plasma or platelets (platelets) by apheresis the sampling is performed using a device (separator), which allows to separate individual components of blood (erythrocytes, platelets, plasma) already during collection. It is collected with 450 ml of blood, taking from 8 to 12 minutes. Taking blood it is made from a single venous puncture into a disposable collection kit. An interview with a doctor who will discuss with you not only your general health, but also any potential confusion related to blood donation and will also perform basic physical examination (eg blood pressure measurement).The document contains basic information about risk factors that can negatively affect the quality of donated blood and thus endanger the patient, such as infectious diseases. ![]()
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